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Topics
Air
Water
Land
Biodiversity
Agriculture
Transportation
Energy
Climate Change
Waste
The Regions (oblasts)
Nur-Sultan
Almaty
Akmola Oblast
Aktobe Oblast
Almaty Oblast
Atyrau Oblast
West Kazakhstan Oblast
Jambyl Oblast
Karaganda Oblast
Kostanay Oblast
Kyzylorda Oblast
Mangystau Oblast
Turkestan Oblast
Pavlodar Oblast
North Kazakhstan Oblast
East Kazakhstan Oblast
Shymkent
Baikonur Cosmodrome
Semipalatinsk Test Site
Ecological Policy
Full text of this report
Home
About this report
Topics
-- Air
-- Water
-- Land
-- Biodiversity
-- Agriculture
-- Transportation
-- Energy
-- Climate Change
-- Waste
The Regions (oblasts)
-- Nur-Sultan
-- Almaty
-- Akmola Oblast
-- Aktobe Oblast
-- Almaty Oblast
-- Atyrau Oblast
-- West Kazakhstan Oblast
-- Jambyl Oblast
-- Karaganda Oblast
-- Kostanay Oblast
-- Kyzylorda Oblast
-- Mangystau Oblast
-- Turkestan Oblast
-- Pavlodar Oblast
-- North Kazakhstan Oblast
-- East Kazakhstan Oblast
-- Shymkent
-- Baikonur Cosmodrome
-- Semipalatinsk Test Site
Ecological Policy
Full text of this report
Almaty Oblast
201 6
2017
2018
2019
1,4
1,9
1,8
3,3
Stationary sources of air pollution, aggregate - 2017–2019
2017
16 284
201
8
1
5 237
201
9
13 435
In 2019, 494,000 cars and 67,000 trucks were
registered in the oblast; in 2018 – 483,000 cars
and 49,000 trucks. To reduce emissions from
transport, regional Akimats are running incentive
programs to encourage car owners to convert to
natural gas fuel and are updating municipal
vehicle pools.
More than 30% of the
settlements in the
oblast are gasified, with
more than a million
people with access to
natural gas.
Discharge of pollutants by enterprises - 2017–2019
Volume – wastewater discharge –
m3
1
000
Volume – pollutant discharge - kt
2017
71 563
21
201
8
84 191
26
201
9
82 879
26
The total land area of the Almaty region in 2019 amounted to 22,355 thousand hectares in 2019;
and 22,358 thousand hectares in 2018.
Category
Agricultural land
Residential land
Land zoned for industrial, transport,
communications, Ministry of Defense,
and other non-agricultural purposes
Protected nature
preserves
Forestland
Surface water lands
Undesignated Reserve area
2017
8 621
795
312
1 191
4 037
193
7 209
2018
8 293
795
255
1 227
4 037
195
7 557
2019
8 007
723
252
1 643
3 696
192
7 845
Distribution of land by category – thousands of hectares - 2017-2019
Almaty region includes 2.3 thousand hectares of land of the
East Kazakhstan region in the Alakol Nature Park.
In 2019, 319 companies were engaged in
the extraction of common minerals in the
oblast; in 2018 - 333.
Gamma radiation levels in
the region were monitored at
8 meteorological stations in
2018 and 7 in 2019.
Monitoring of radioactive
contamination of the surface
layer of the atmosphere was
carried out at five
meteorological stations.
All
indicators, including the
average
value of background
radiation of the surface layer
of the atmosphere
were
with
normal
,
in the
range
In 2018, 629,000 tons of household waste
were generated in the oblast; in 2019 –
630,000 tons. Waste collection and export
was conducted by 72 companies in 2018,
and 75 companies in 2019.
Underground containers
have been installed in
residential areas to
encourage solid waste
sorting. Mesh containers
for wastepaper, plastic
and aluminum were
installed and containers
for hazardous waste.
Wastepaper collection
points have been
opened.
Environmental safeguards cost
to business enterprises
(
)
billions of Tenge
Air
Water
Land resources
Biodiversity
Waste
Renewable energy
sources
There are 27 facilities in the oblast using renewable energy sources with a total
capacity of 889 MW, including 18 hydroelectric power plants, six wind farms and three
solar power plants.
Radiation
Environmental Issues
The Regional Directorate for
Control over the Use and Protection
of Land manages agricultural land
usage. In 2018, they recorded 36
violations; in 2019, inspections led
to 16 lawsuits from non-use of land
plots.
Name and area
Alakol — 17.4 thousand hectares, Almaty — 71.7 thousand hectares.
Ile-Alatau – 186,000 hectares, Altyn-Emel – 307,000 hectares,
Charyn – 127,000 hectares, Kolsai Lakes – 161,000 hectares,
Zhongar-Alatau – 356,000 hectares.
Lepsinsky – 258,000 hectares, Toktinsky – 187,000 hectares,
Kukan - 49.1 thousand hectares,
Verkhnekokuysky – 240,000 hectares,
Balkhash – 503,000 hectares, Karaoi – 295,000 hectares, Almaty – 542,400
hectares.
Ash Grove - 5014 hectares, "Singing Dune" - 240 hectares,
Chinturgen spruce trees - 9 hectares, Baum Grove - 139 hectares.
Zhusandalinskaya — 2.8 million hectares
Ile — Balkhash — 415,164 hectares
Status
Reserve
State National Park
State Nature Sanctuary
State National Natural Historic Site
National Natural Protected Zone
State Nature Reserve
Protected Natural Preserves - Almaty Oblast
The oblast contains seven radiation-hazardous objects which are sources
of ionizing radiation. Work was carried out on four of the emitting sources;
the remaining three sources are in storage and out of service.
In 2018, allowable atmospheric levels of nitrogen
in Taldykorgan and carbon in the Talgar district
were recorded. In 2019, carbon monoxide
concentrations were exceeded in the Talgar
district, the village of Otegen Batyr, and the cities
of Kaskelen and Esik. In Esik, formaldehyde
concentrations were also excessive. In 2018-
2019, there were no incidents of elevated or
extremely elevated pollution.
In 2018-2019, air quality observations were
carried out at two posts in Taldykorgan. In
the cities of Talgar, Esik, the villages of
Otegen Batyr, Kaskelen, Turgen, episodic
monitoring of the concentration of dust,
sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen
oxides, phenol and formaldehyde was
carried out quarterly at two locations.
Military garrison boiler facilities, building
material production, agriculture, transport
and heating plants comprise the primary
sources of air pollution.
Pollutant emissions from stationary sources - 2017–2019
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen oxides
Suspended solid particulate
Carbon monoxide
2017
11
5
11
11
201
8
12
6
11
14
201
9
11
6
11
13
2017
201
8
201
9
Substance
TOTAL
Including
43
50
48
Emissions, kt
A major gasification
project was carried out
in Taldykorgan which
converted 58 public
utilities and 9,000
homes to natural gas.
Another major gasification project in the
region is the construction of a central gas
pipeline of 224 kilometers linking to the city
of Usharal. This project will provide
gasification of 74 settlements with a
combined population of 230,000. In 2019,
the development of design and estimate
documentation for the construction of gas
networks to serve 36 additional settlements
was completed.
To facilitate pasture irrigation, fish
migration, and generally
favorable conditions for animals
and plants, the government is
working to increase the capacity
of the Ile and Karatal rivers
flowing into Lake Balkhash. In
2019, four major cleanup projects
of the Ile and Karatal deltas and
channels were undertaken.
The primary sources of water
pollution in the region are sewage
and collector-drainage waters of
large enterprises like the State-
owned enterprise Almaty Su, the
Balkhashirigation, TGPK LLP, the
Kapshagai Hydroelectric Power
Station, the Taldykorgan Zhetysu
Su Kubyry State Enterprise, and
the Tekeli Su Kubyry State
Enterprise.
To preserve water resources in the oblast
water protection zone projects have been
developed for 214 bodies of water and are
indicated by public signage.
There are 800,000 hectares of
unexploited agricultural land in
the region. In 2018 nearly 12
thousand additional hectares
were identified; in 2019, more
than 250 thousand additional
hectares.
Excessive heavy metals MPC of in soils from Taldykorgan and Tekeli - 2018-2019
Lead
Copper
Zinc
2019
1,2–17 ПДК
1,4–15 ПДК
1,2–3,6 ПДК
201
8
1,3–6,6 ПДК
1,6–6,2 ПДК
1,1–3,4 ПДК
201
9
1,2–6,2 ПДК
1–2,7 ПДК
1,1 ПДК
Metal
Annually in
spring and autumn, soil samples are taken in Taldykorgan, Tekeli and Zharkent in areas
contaminated with heavy metals. In soil samples from around the districts of Taldykorgan and
Tekeli, excesses of the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of lead, copper and zinc were
recorded.
2018
1,2–11,3 ПДК
1,8 ПДК
-
Spring
Autumn
Spring
Autumn
Regional forestlands comprise
more than four million hectares,
nearly 19% of all the forests in
the country. Oblast Preserved
areas are among the nation's
most extensive at more than 1.2
million hectares.
The exceptional
biodiversity of the flora and fauna of the
Almaty Oblast makes it home to more than half of all animal
species in the country. Overall, there are 475 species of
terrestrial vertebrate animals in the region, including those
on the Red List: gazelle, Turkmen kulan, argali, tugai deer
(hangul), the Przhevalsky horse, Tien-Shan brown bear,
snow leopard, stone marten, Central Asian River otter,
Turkestan lynx, manul and red wolf.
In 2018, 1389 raids and 153
inspections uncovered 661
environmental legislation
violations and led to the initiation
of 17 criminal cases. In 2019,
1139 raids and 138 inspections
were carried out. Raids and
inspections in the two-year period
resulted in the confiscation of 19
firearms, 70 illegally harvested
wildlife (pheasants, hares, ducks,
etc.), 176 pieces of fishing gear,
12 boats, and more than 50 tons
of fish.
To restore wildlife populations in the Altyn-Emel State
National Nature Park, a breeding program for turkmen kulan
is being conducted; restoration of the Bukhara deer habitat is
undertaken; in the Karachingil hunting reserve, falcons-
balabans and other rare and endangered birds of prey are
bred at the Sunkar falconry; Tugai deer are kept in controlled
free range at the Tasmuryn hunting reserve; and the
Semirechensk pheasant is bred in the Bakbakty hunting
farm.