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Air
Water
Land
Biodiversity
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Transportation
Energy
Climate Change
Waste
The Regions (oblasts)
Nur-Sultan
Almaty
Akmola Oblast
Aktobe Oblast
Almaty Oblast
Atyrau Oblast
West Kazakhstan Oblast
Jambyl Oblast
Karaganda Oblast
Kostanay Oblast
Kyzylorda Oblast
Mangystau Oblast
Turkestan Oblast
Pavlodar Oblast
North Kazakhstan Oblast
East Kazakhstan Oblast
Shymkent
Baikonur Cosmodrome
Semipalatinsk Test Site
Ecological Policy
Full text of this report
Home
About this report
Topics
-- Air
-- Water
-- Land
-- Biodiversity
-- Agriculture
-- Transportation
-- Energy
-- Climate Change
-- Waste
The Regions (oblasts)
-- Nur-Sultan
-- Almaty
-- Akmola Oblast
-- Aktobe Oblast
-- Almaty Oblast
-- Atyrau Oblast
-- West Kazakhstan Oblast
-- Jambyl Oblast
-- Karaganda Oblast
-- Kostanay Oblast
-- Kyzylorda Oblast
-- Mangystau Oblast
-- Turkestan Oblast
-- Pavlodar Oblast
-- North Kazakhstan Oblast
-- East Kazakhstan Oblast
-- Shymkent
-- Baikonur Cosmodrome
-- Semipalatinsk Test Site
Ecological Policy
Full text of this report
Atyrau Oblast
2016
2017
2018
2019
31,4
42,7
39,7
55,4
Air quality monitoring is carried out at five fixed locations and with the
aid of a mobile laboratory. These reveal that the air in both Atyrau and
Kulsary is heavily polluted.
In 2019, two gasification projects were completed:
"Construction of main and inter-settlement high-
pressure gas pipelines with a length of 365 km" and
"Construction of intra-settlement gas pipeline lines for
10 settlements". A project is also being implemented for
the gasification of 13 small settlements, five of which
have already been gasified, and design and cost
estimates have been developed for the gasification of
the remaining eight rural locations. In 2019, work was
carried out on nine investment projects proposed by
KazTransGas Aimak JSC. Gasification is complete in
136 of 150 settlements of the oblast.
The oblast has 4 large and 9 small rivers, all
originating either in the neighboring Aktobe region or
on the territory of the Russian Federation. In order to
preserve water resources, in 1992 an agreement on
the joint use and protection of transboundary bodies
of water was enacted between Kazakhstan and
Russia. On September 26, 2019, a Kazakhstan-
Russia commission for the joint use and protection
of water bodies was held in Atyrau.
Domestic wastewater discharge - 2017–2019
Volume – wastewater discharge –
m3
1000
Volume of pollutants, kt
201
7
13 395
13,9
201
8
10 089
9,27
201
9
6 783
7,8
Category
Agricultural land
Residential land
Land zoned for industrial, transport,
communications, defense,
and other non-agricultural purposes
Protected nature preserves
Forestland
Surface water lands
Undesignated reserve land
Total
2017
2 523
1 247
674
157
53
19
7 066
11 739
2018
2 663
1 258
218
157
53
19
7 371
11 739
2019
2 983
1 217
221
157
56
21
7 085
11 740
Distribution of land by category – thousands of hectares - 2017–2019
In the oblast in 2019, 35 companies were
engaged in common mineral extraction at
94 deposits - clay, sand for construction,
sand-gravel mix, mudbrick, salt, limestone,
gypsum and sand. In 2018, 59 companies
were engaged in mining operations at 82
locations.
Oblast forestlands comprise more than 52
thousand hectares with > 15,000 hectares of
forest. To preserve current forest stock and
promote further growth, reforestation efforts
are underway. In 2018-2019, 158 hectares of
forest were planted, and 320 acres were
worked to promote natural growth.
Gamma radiation levels in
the region were monitored at
3 meteorological stations and
1 automatic monitor;
radioactive contamination of
the surface layer of the
atmosphere was monitored at
1 weather station. All
indicators, including values
for daily radioactive fallout,
were within normal limits.
The oblast is in the process of
introducing sorted household waste
practices: public information is being
distributed on separating household
waste; sorted waste containers are being
installed. In 2019, 96 plastic waste
containers were installed in Atyrau.
Environmental safeguards cost
to business enterprises
(
)
billions of Tenge
Air
Water
Land resources
Biodiversity
Waste
Renewable energy
sources
For the development of renewable energy in the oblast district of Isatay,
a wind power plant was constructed for a cost of over 12B Tenge; it is
comprised of 36 wind turbines with a capacity of 52.8 MW.
Radiation situation
Environmental Issues
In 2019, in the oblast more than 160 000 tons of pollutants were emitted into atmosphere; in 2018,
the volume of emissions amounted to more than 170 000 tons.
Pollutant emissions from stationary sources - 2017–2019
Substance
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen oxides
Suspended solid particulate
Carbon monoxide
Hydrogen sulfide
2017
65
15
4,2
52
0,2
201
8
51
17
3,2
51
0,2
201
9
48
22
3,6
44
0,2
Emissions, kt
In 2018, 32 cases were
filed in court on
unauthorized use of land;
in 2019 there were 16
similar claims. Over the
two-year period, 29
claims were concluded
and, in 2018, 38.5
hectares of land were
seized; in 2019, more
than 25 thousand
hectares of land were
seized.
The oblast has 51 medical facilities and 25 production enterprises which
possess a total of 423 sources of ionizing radiation in their inventories.
In 2019, in Atyrau were recorded 758
separate incidents of high pollution and
60 incidents of extremely elevated
pollution levels. The pollution source was
identified as hydrogen sulfide emanating
from the Tukla Balka filtration field and
Kvadrat sludge site.
The following large industrial enterprises
play a significant role in air quality:
Tengizchevroil LLP, Intergas Central Asia
JSC, KazTransOil PF, Embamunaigas
JSC, Atyrau Oil Refinery LLP, Atyrau Heat
and Electric Power Plant JSC.
Monitoring of water quality was carried
out on four oblast rivers: the Zhaiyk,
Sharonova, Emba and Kigash. According
to the Unified Classification of Water
Quality, all four rivers are rated at a Class
5 pollution level. In 2019, the Emba River
exceeded the maximum allowable
concentration of manganese. The North
Caspian Sea water quality was monitored
at 24 coastal stations; all indicators fell
within acceptable norms.
45% of the territory of
the city of Atyrau and
30% of the territory of
the village of Balykshi
are covered by
centralized sewerage
networks. To address
the issue, in 2019
sewer construction
was begun on the
city's left-bank;
design and cost
estimates are being
developed for the
"Reconstruction of
sewage treatment
facilities in right-bank
Atyrau" project.
In spring and autumn in Atyrau and at
five locations of the North Caspian soil
heavy metal concentrations were
monitored. With the exception of a
single measurement exceeding norms
in autumn 2018, zinc and copper
levels in 2018 and 2019 in the Atyrau
soil were within allowable guidelines.
The greatest number of plant and animal species in the
region are found in the Akzhaik State Nature Reserve. It is
home to 48 species of mammals, 65 species of fish, more
than 3,000 species of invertebrates, and 227 species of
plants. Of these, 36 species of birds, two animal species,
three plant species, and five species of fish are included in
the Kazakhstan Red List.
The oblast has three protected natural preserves: the
62,600 protected hectare preserve of the northern
Caspian Sea region; Novinsky State Nature Reserve
– 45,000 hectares; and Akzhaiyk State Nature
Reserve – 111,500 hectares.
To develop eco-tourism on the
Akzhaiyk Reserve, four eco-trails
have been developed. In 2019,
the park saw over 1,500 visitors.
The Zhaiyk River and the
northern Caspian Sea coastal
area are home to 292 species of
birds: 110 species nest in the
area, 76 winter here, 106 species
are found only during migration
periods.
View
Saiga
White-tailed Eagle
Common Crane
Wild Boar
Wolf
European Hare
Fox
Common Raccoon Dog
Badger
Muskrat
2017
14 630
38
579
164
22
78
98
226
59
6 800
2018
14 646
81
859
220
23
87
74
186
60
6 600
Number of animal species in the Akzhaik State Nature Reserve
(2017-2019)
2018
н/д
94
н/д
240
58
84
62
182
64
6 350
AZGIR
The Institute of Nuclear
Physics state enterprise
conducts comprehensive
annual monitoring of the old
Azgir test site and its
adjacent territories. In 2018-
2019, the situation in the
monitored territories was
stable.
More than two million tons of refuse are
accumulated at 86 oblast household
waste landfills; of these, only 22 meet
current environmental standards. To
reduce the amount of stored waste, refuse
sorting conveyers are being built. In 2019,
over 10% of all household waste was
sorted.
The Atyrau landfill has a sorting
facility which receives 50 tons
of waste for sorting and processing
daily. In the Zhylyoi district,
the Zhylyy Tazalyk company is
constructing a waste reception and
sorting facility and a separate
facility for secondary sorting,
treatment, and disposal of waste.
In Kulsary, EcoCity XXI, LLP has
invested 250 million Tenge in the
construction of a modern complex
for the reception, processing and
of solid household wastes. The
facility began working in September
2019 and now annually accepts 30,000
tons of waste for sorting and
additional processing.
In 2019, 469,000 tons of hazardous waste
and 180,000 tons of non-hazardous waste
were generated in the oblast – a 33%
reduction in comparison with 2018 totals.
90 damaged oil wells were
identified in the oblast; 61 pose
no danger; 13 were demolished
at a cost of over 300 million
Tenge. Liquidation of remaining
wells continues though funding
for the work has yet to be
secured.