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Karagandy Oblast
Discharge of pollutants by enterprises - 2017–2019 Volume – wastewater discharge – 000 m3 1 Volume – pollutant discharge - kt 201 8 1 152,6 382 201 9 1 215,5 399,5 201 7 1 172 8 , 412,5 Monitoring of radioactive gamma contamination of the surface layer of the atmosphere in the oblast was carried out daily at five meteorological stations in the cities of Balkhashe, Zhezkazgane, Karagandae, Korneyevke, the Rodnikovsk Reservoir and at two automated posts - Karaganda and Temirtau. Measurements reveal that the average values of the gamma background, gamma emissions and radioactive fallout in both 2018 and 2019 were within normal limits. Pollutant emissions from stationary sources by volume, kilotons - 2017–2019 Sulfur dioxide Nitrogen dioxide Suspended solid particulate Carbon monoxide 2017 239 48 1210 169 201 8 251 45 121 149 201 9 287 53 122 158 Domestic wastewater discharge in 2017–2019 Volume – wastewater discharge – 000 m3 1 Volume – pollutant discharge - kt 201 8 155,6 47 201 9 163,1 57,8 201 7 152,5 44,3 Major water bodies in the region: Lake Balkhash, the Samarkand, Kengir, Sherubainurinsk, and Toparsk Reservoirs, the Nura River and its tributaries - the Sarysu, Kara-Kengir, and Zhezdy. 201 5 2016 2017 2018 18,4 35,8 27,6 36,3 49 2019 In 2018-2019, Karaganda, Balkhash, Zhezkazgan, and Temirtau experienced high levels of pollution. In Saran, pollution levels were reduced from high levels of pollution in 2018 to low levels in 2019. Air quality monitoring in the region is carried out at 12 fixed posts and seven automatic observation stations located in the cities of Karaganda, Balkhash, Zhezkazgan, Temirtau, and Saran. Stationary sources of air pollution, aggregate - 2018–2019 201 8 16 927 201 9 12 759 The total surface water area in the region exceeds 470,000 hectares, covering over 400,000 hectares of national and international fisheries and over 50,000 hectares of regional fisheries. A mini-hydroelectric power plant with a capacity of 0.6 MW operates at the Intumak Reservoir. The ArcelorMittal Temirtau JSC steel department has a toxic waste storage facility covering 20 hectares and a chemical waste dump covering 9.2 hectares. Renewable resource electricity generation with the region in 2018 amounted to 5.4 million kWh, and in 2019 to 176 million kWh. Industrial enterprise and motor vehicle exhaust are the principal sources of air pollution in the region. Pollutant emissions from stationary sources, kilotons - 2017–2019 2017 598,7 201 8 598,7 201 9 641,3 Motor vehicles, thousands of units - 2018-2019 201 8 287 28 201 9 283 31 Vehicle type Passenger cars Freight Motor vehicles by fuel type, thousands of units - 2019 Fuel type Petrol Diesel fuel Mixed Gas Electricity 201 9 287 000 20 700 10 300 393 216 Incidents of high levels of air pollution in the region - 2018-2019 City Karaganda Balkhash Zhezkazgan Temirtau Number of events - 2018 144 8 7 2 Number of events 9 - 201 56 0 0 61 In 2018, black snow fell in Temirtau, and Kazhydromet conducted an inspection determining the cause as excessive emissions of pollutants from the ArcelorMittal Temirtau JSC. The company was fined 1.3 billion Tenge for the violation. In 2018, work began in the region on the construction of the Sary-Arka gas pipeline. The pipeline will equip the large regional towns for gasification, including the cities of Karaganda, Temirtau, Zhezkazgan, Satpayev, Saran, and Shakhtinsk and an additional 114 smaller settlements. Plans are in place to connect 668 regional entities and 26 large enterprises to the central gas supply. The pipeline will ameliorate the environmental situation in the region and contribute to the quality of life of area residents. In 2018, the Council for Environmental Protection was created and a set of measures to improve the environmental situation was approved. They are involved in 57 separate actions, 25 of which have been completed, 32 are currently being undertaken and a further four are scheduled for 2022. Emergency and unauthorized wastewater discharges - 2017–2019 Volume – wastewater discharge – 000 m3 1 Volume – pollutant discharge - kt 201 8 3,1 3,8 201 9 3,5 10 201 7 2,4 0,8 Body of w ater Samarkand Reservoir Kengir Reservoir Nura River Kokpekty River Lake Sholak Lake Esei Lake Sultankeldy Kokai Lake Satpayev Canal Sokyr River Sherubainura River Sarysu River Kara-Kengir River Lake Balkhash Water quality – Surface bodies of Water in the Oblast - 2019 Water quality monitoring is carried out on the Nura, Sherubainura, Sokyr, Kokpekty, Kara Kengir, and Sarysu rivers; the Samarkan and, Kengir reservoirs; the Satpayev Canal and Lake Balkhash. Water classification >3 classes Grade 4 >5 class Characteristics Non-standardized class. Exceeds all class 5 guidelines. Lowest rated. Suitable only for irrigation and industrial use. Extensive treatment methods are required for household use and as drinking water. Not recommended for recreation and tourism use. Non-standardized. Pollutants present in this water are not rated below Class 3 guidelines resulting in bodies of water not assignable to Classes 4 or 5 Incidents of elevated pollution of oblast surface water resources - 2017-2019 Sokyr River Sherubainura River Kara-Kengir River Sarysu River Nura River Kengir Reservoir 2017 21 21 25 9 2 0 2018 21 23 25 12 0 0 2019 19 18 42 11 0 1 Distribution of land by category – thousands of hectares - 2017-2019 Category Agricultural land Residential land Land zoned for industrial, transport, communications, defense, and other non-agricultural purposes Protected nature preserves Forestland Surface water lands Undesignated Reserve Land 2017 14 585 3 919 235 550 204,3 55,6 16 096 2018 14 888 3 920 199 550 204,2 55,7 16 396 2019 14 751 3 936 215 551 204,1 63,6 16 119 The total oblast land area including district, regional and state lands amounts to 42.8 million hectares. The primary source of soil pollutants is waste materials from the mining and metallurgical industries. Annual monitoring of polluted and disturbed lands is carried out for reclamation. In 2019, the area of reclaimed land amounted to 0.65 thousand hectares. Excessive heavy metal concentrations in soil samples, mg/kg Karaganda Zhezkazgan Balkhash Temirtau City Soil heavy metal pollutant m onitoring is carried out in spring and autumn in four cities of the oblast: Balkhash, Zhezkazgan, Karaganda, and Temirtau. Zinc (MPC23 mg/kg) 25,4 224,5 326,8 29,6 Copper (MPC 3 mg/kg) 4,11 84,6 149,2 4,15 Chromium (MPC 6 mg/kg) 1 4,1 10,2 3,1 Lead (MPC 32 mg/kg) 28,6 310,2 926,2 44,6 In 2018, in connection with the failed launch of a Soyuz-FG rocket near Zhezkazgan a nine m2 patch of land with a volume of 37-39 m 3 were contaminated. The soil was transported to a specialized site for safe storage. In 2018, more than 25,000 hectares of land were seized for land-use violations, including 22,000 hectares of agricultural land and 3,000 hectares of residential land in settlements. In 2018-2019, over 200 companies were engaged in the exploration and production of minerals in the oblast. There are 13 protected national and five regional natural reserves in the oblast covering a total area of 529.9 hectares. · planned agrotechnical measures include the weeding, fertilization, watering, and seed collection; · replenishment of plant stock; compilation of a preliminary list of floral and woody shrub species traditional to central Kazakhstan, but not currently widely established in regional urban areas; · full inventory of the garden's collection. The following steps were taken in order to establish and preserve a unique plant collection at Zhezkazgan Botanical Garden: · pruning dry, diseased tree branches, tilling the soil against invasive weeds; Regional forestry preservation activities - 2017–2019 Activity Forestation (seeding) Hectares , , Forest management Hectares , Soil preparation for seeding Hectares , Nursery seed harvesting Hectares , Cultivation of planting materials Thousands , Mineralized strip maintenance Kilometers , Mineralized strip installation Kilometers , , Timber harvest Hectares 2017 435,3 5 252 383 4,98 1 610 4 895 47,6 72,24 2018 419 5 776 383 4,2 1 752 4 996 32,3 - 2019 431,2 5 890,5 431,2 6,65 1 803 4 990,4 42,3 272,7 State forestlands in the oblast total 614,700 hectares. Year 2017 2018 2019 Area (hectares) 35 033 34 650 36 479 Regional Designated Hunting Area - 2017-2018 Number of fires Territory damaged by fires, hectares 2017 16 2 044 Reginal forest fires - 2017–2019 2018 5 1,06 2019 32 2 836 Category Volume of generated waste, kilotons Percentage of generated waste sorted & recycled 201 9 600 16,4 More than 10 million tons of household waste had accumulated at landfills in the region in 2019. Of the 202 landfills located in the region 50 are licensed. Solid household waste generation and processing – kilotons - 2018-2019 201 8 651,3 26 80% of the urban population and 53.9% of the rural population are provided with household waste disposal services. 27 designated firms manage regional waste collection and transport. T he cities of Karaganda and Temirtau operate three waste sorting facilities: Karaganda GorKomTrans; TTK, which handles 90K tons of waste annually; and Recycling, with an annual capacity of 20K tons. Separate solid waste collection and sorting facilities have been established in a further 15 settlements in the oblast. Indicator/year Accumulated industrial waste, billions of tons Industrial waste generated, millitons Of these, millions of tons for reuse, disposal, recycling, or transfer to designated facilities. 201 9 7,4 215,7 94,1 In excess of 7 billion tons of industrial waste accumulated in the region in 2019. 201 8 7,3 220,6 99,2